Haufinyane tjena, ak'haonte ea semmuso ea WeChat [Tlhahisoleseling ea Photovoltaic] (PV-info) e ithutile hore ka la 5 Phato, Banka ea Batho ea Chaena, Khomishene ea Nts'etsopele le Ntlafatso ea Naha le mafapha a mang a supileng a fane ka kopanelo "Maikutlo a Tataisang mabapi le Tšehetso ea Lichelete bakeng sa Ntlafatso e Ncha ea Liindasteri."
Tokomane e bolela hore likhoebo tse tšoanelehang liindastering tse ntseng li hlaha, tse kang theknoloji ea tlhahisoleseling ea moloko o latelang, software ea motheo le ea indasteri, likoloi tse bohlale (tse hokahaneng), matla a macha, thepa e ncha, lisebelisoa tsa maemo a holimo, tlhahisoleseling ea sebaka, lifofane tsa khoebo, biomedicine, le ts'ireletso ea marang-rang le data, li tla tšehetsoa ho bokella chelete mebarakeng ea lichelete ea maemo a mangata. Liphetoho tsa matsete li tla khothaletsoa, 'me tlhahlobo ea nako e telele ea litsi tsa matsete e tla ntlafatsoa. Lichelete tsa matsete tsa mmuso, lichelete tsa likhoebo tsa mmuso, lik'hamphani tsa inshorense, le lichelete tse ling tsa nako e telele li tla khothaletsoa ho potlakisa moralo oa liindasteri tsa nakong e tlang, ho tsepamisa maikutlo tlhahisong ea nakong e tlang, tlhahisoleseling ea nakong e tlang, lisebelisoa tsa nakong e tlang, matla a nakong e tlang, sebaka sa nakong e tlang, le bophelo bo botle ba nakong e tlang, ha ka nako e ts'oanang ho netefatsa likotsi tse laolehang. Tokomane ena e boetse e totobatsa nts'etsopele ea sistimi ea maemo a lichelete e tšehetsang phetoho ea tala le ea khabone e tlase ea liindasteri tse nang le khabone e ngata. Tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lichelete tse tala, joalo ka mokitlane o motala le litlamo tse tala, phetohong ea tala le ea khabone e tlase ea indasteri ea tlhahiso e tla matlafatsoa.
Khomarela molao-motheo oa "theha pele o qhaqhoa" 'me u khothaletse libanka ho tšehetsa merero le likhoebo indastering ea khabone e ngata e tsamaellanang le ntlafatso ea theknoloji ea khabone e tala le e nang le khabone e tlase le maano a ho nkela bokhoni sebaka. Ntlafatsa mekhoa ea khothatso le lithibelo bakeng sa lichelete tse tala, khothaletsa litsi tsa lichelete ho nts'etsapele lihlahisoa tsa lichelete tse tšehetsang tlhahiso e tala, eketsa matsete tšireletsong ea tikoloho, paballo ea matla, paballo ea metsi, tlhahiso e hloekileng, tšebeliso e felletseng ea mehloli, tlhahiso e tala, le nts'etsopele ea khabone e tlase, le ho tšehetsa phetoho e tala le e nang le khabone e tlase le ntlafatso ea lifektheri tse tala.
Banka ea Batho ea Chaena le mafapha a mang a supileng a fane ka kopanelo "Maikutlo a Tataiso mabapi le Tšehetso ea Lichelete bakeng sa Ntlafatso e Ncha ea Liindasteri"
Ho kenya tshebetsong ka botlalo moya wa Seboka sa Boraro sa Komiti e Bohareng ya bo-20 ya CPC, ho kenya tshebetsong ditlhophiso tsa Seboka sa Naha sa ho Ntshetsa Pele Diindasteri tse Ntjha, le ho potlakisa kaho ya naha e matla ya ditjhelete le ya tlhahiso, Banka ya Batho ya China, Lefapha la Indasteri le Theknoloji ya Tlhahisoleseding, Khomishene ya Ntshetso-pele le Ntjhafatso ya Naha, Lefapha la Ditjhelete, Tsamaiso ya Naha ya Tsamaiso ya Ditjhelete, Khomishene ya Taolo ya Ditshireletso tsa China, le Tsamaiso ya Naha ya Phapanyetsano ya Dinaha tse ding haufinyane ba fane ka kopanelo "Maikutlo a Tataisang mabapi le Tshehetso ya Ditjhelete bakeng sa Indasteri e Ntjha" (eo ho tloha mona e tla bitswa "Maikutlo").
E tataisoa ke Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with China Characteristics for a New Era, Maikutlo a tšehetsa lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete bakeng sa moruo oa 'nete e le morero oa oona oa mantlha le mohato oa motheo oa ho thibela le ho rarolla likotsi tsa lichelete. Ka ho tsepamisa maikutlo mosebetsing o moholo oa leano la indasteri e ncha, Maikutlo a tebisa phetoho ea sebopeho sa lichelete lehlakoreng la phepelo e susumetsoang ke tlhoko, a matlafatsa khokahano ea maano a indasteri le a lichelete, 'me a fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete tsa boleng bo holimo ho khothaletsa indasteri e ncha le ho potlakisa nts'etsopele ea matla a tlhahiso a boleng bo bocha. Ka ho khomarela mehato e fapaneng ea leano le ho fana ka tšehetso le taolo, Maikutlo a khothalletsa phetoho e potlakileng ea liindasteri ho ea mebarakeng e mahareng le e phahameng le ho thibela tlholisano e sa fetoheng. Ka 2027, tsamaiso ea lichelete e tšehetsang nts'etsopele ea tlhahiso ea maemo a holimo, e bohlale le e tala e tla be e holile haholo, ka ho tenyetseha ha lits'ebeletso ho ntlafalitsoe haholo.
Maikutlo a sisinya mehato e reretsoeng ea tšehetso bakeng sa libaka tsa bohlokoa tsa indasteri e ncha. Lisebelisoa tsa leano la lichelete li tla ntlafatsoa ho tšehetsa lihlahisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa theknoloji le lipatlisiso, chelete ea bakuli e tla hlahisoa ka litsela tse ngata bakeng sa phetoho ea liphihlello tsa saense le theknoloji, lits'ebeletso tse felletseng tsa lichelete li tla matlafatsoa bakeng sa likhoebo tsa bohlokoa ketane ea indasteri, 'me bokhoni ba boqapi ba theknoloji ba indasteri le ho tiea ha ketane ea phepelo ea ketane ea indasteri li tla ntlafatsoa. Libaka tse hlano tse kholo li tla ntlafatsoa, ho kenyeletsoa lichelete tsa saense le theknoloji, lichelete tse tala le lichelete tsa dijithale. Mohlala oa litšebeletso tsa lichelete tsa ketane ea indasteri o thehiloeng ho "mokitlane oa data" le "mokitlane oa thepa" o tla tebisoa ho tšehetsa phetoho le ntlafatso ea liindasteri tsa setso le temo le kholo ea liindasteri tse ntseng li hlaha. Mekhoa ea tsamaiso ea mokitlane le lits'ebeletso tsa lihlahisoa tsa lichelete tse amanang le phetisetso ea indasteri libakeng tse bohareng le tse ka bophirima li tla ntlafatsoa, 'me ho tla khothaletsoa ho tsepamisa maikutlo le nts'etsopele e khethehileng ea mehloli ea lichelete lihlopheng tsa indasteri. Letoto la mehato ea ho nolofatsa litšebeletso tsa lichelete tse tšelang meeli e tla khothaletsoa, ho kenyeletsoa tumellano ea khoebo, tsamaiso ea lichelete, matsete le lichelete, ho tšehetsa moralo o utloahalang oa liindasteri le ho atolosa sebaka sa nts'etsopele, ka hona ho matlafatsa potoloho ea lehae.
Maikutlo a matlafatsa bokgoni ba tshebeletso ya ditjhelete le mekgwa ya nako e telele ho boloka karolo e loketseng ya matsete lefapheng la tlhahiso. Ditheo tsa ditjhelete di tla ntlafatsa mekgwa ya tsona ya ka hare ya ho sebeletsa lefapha la tlhahiso, di thehe merero e arohaneng ya mekitlane bakeng sa lekala la tlhahiso, mme di thehe maano a fapaneng a mekitlane a etseditsweng diindasteri tse itseng le mekhahlelo ya kgolo ya dikgwebo. Di tla hodisa sehlopha sa ditalenta tse fapaneng indastering ya saense le theknoloji le ditjhelete, di kgothaletse ditheo tsa ditjhelete ho aha dihlopha tse felletseng tsa tsamaiso ya ditjhelete le ditshebeletso. Di tla theha le ho ntlafatsa mekgwa e mene: kgokagano le kgothaletso ya mafapha a fapaneng, dikgothaletso tsa maano le dithibelo, tshehetso ya maano a lehae, le thibelo le taolo e hokahantsweng ya dikotsi. Di tla sebedisa karolo e tataisang ya leano la ditjhelete la sebopeho le leano la mekitlane e meholo ho ntlafatsa matla, ho nepahala, le bonnete ba tshehetso ya ditjhelete bakeng sa indasteri e ntjha.
Mohatong o latelang, Banka ea Batho ea Chaena le Lefapha la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseling li tla sebetsa le mafapha a amehang ho khothaletsa ka botlalo ho kenngoa tšebetsong ha mehato e fapaneng ho "Maikutlo", ho tebisa tšebelisano-'moho ea indasteri le ea lichelete, ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea tšehetso ea lichelete bakeng sa indasteri e ncha, le ho fana ka tšehetso e matla ea lichelete bakeng sa ho potlakisa ho khothaletsa indasteri e ncha.
sehlomathiso:
Banka ea Batho ea Chaena, Lefapha la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseling, Khomishene ea Nts'etsopele le Ntlafatso ea Naha, Lefapha la Lichelete, Tsamaiso ea Naha ea Tlhokomelo ea Lichelete, Khomishene ea Taolo ea Litšireletso tsa Chaena, Tsamaiso ea Naha ea Phapanyetsano ea Linaha Tse Ling
Maikutlo a Tataisoang mabapi le Tšehetso ea Lichelete bakeng sa Ntlafatso e Ncha ea Liindasteri
Indasteri ke motheo oa sechaba le motheo oa nts'etsopele ea moruo le ea sechaba ea boleng bo holimo. Ho fihlella indasteri ea mofuta o mocha ke mosebetsi oa bohlokoa ho ntšetseng pele ka botlalo matla a naha ea Chaena le ntlafatso ea naha ka mokhoa oa sejoale-joale oa Sechaena. Ho potlakisa nts'etsopele ea sechaba se matla sa lichelete le sa tlhahiso le ho theha tsamaiso ea lichelete e lumellanang le ho ntšetsa pele indasteri ea mofuta o mocha, ho sisinngoa maikutlo a latelang.
1.Litlhoko tse akaretsang
Re tataisoa ke Xi Jinping Mehopolo ea Bososhiale e nang le Litšobotsi tsa Sechaena bakeng sa Nako e Ncha, re tla kenya tšebetsong ka botlalo moea oa Kopano ea Naha ea bo-20 ea Mokha oa Bokomonisi oa Chaena le Likopano tsa Bobeli le tsa Boraro tsa Komiti e Bohareng ea bo-20, re kenye tšebetsong ho kenngoa ha Seboka sa Naha sa ho Khothaletsa Ntlafatso e Ncha ea Liindasteri, re kenye tšebetsong ka botlalo, ka nepo, le ka botlalo mohopolo o mocha oa nts'etsopele, re hokahanye nts'etsopele le ts'ireletso, 'me re tšehetse ka tieo lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete bakeng sa moruo oa 'nete e le morero oa rona oa mantlha le tekanyo ea mantlha ea ho thibela le ho rarolla likotsi tsa lichelete. Re tla khomarela melao-motheo e shebaneng le 'maraka le ea molao, re tsepamise maikutlo mesebetsing e meholo ea maano a indasteri e ncha, re tebise phetoho ea sebopeho sa phepelo ea lichelete, re tebise tšebelisano-'moho ea indasteri le ea lichelete, re matlafatse ho hokahanya maano a indasteri le a lichelete, 'me re ntlafatse matla, ho nepahala, le katleho ea tšehetso ea lichelete. Re tla fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete tsa boleng bo holimo bakeng sa ho aha sistimi ea sejoale-joale ea indasteri e etelletsoeng pele ke boqapi ba saense le theknoloji le e tšehetsoang ke tlhahiso e tsoetseng pele, re ntse re ntšetsa pele indasteri e ncha butle-butle, 'me re potlakise nts'etsopele ea matla a tlhahiso a boleng bo bocha. Re tla khomarela maano a fapaneng, re fana ka tšehetso le taolo, ho khothaletsa tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea liindasteri ho ea mebarakeng ea maemo a mahareng le a maemo a holimo le ho thibela tlholisano e "sa fetoheng".
Ka selemo sa 2027, tsamaiso ea lichelete e tšehetsang nts'etsopele ea tlhahiso ea maemo a holimo, e bohlale le e tala e tla be e holile haholo, ka mefuta e mengata ea lihlahisoa. Likalimo, libonto, equity, inshorense le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa lichelete li tla hokahanngoa le ho hokahanngoa haholoanyane, ho thibela likotsi tsa lichelete tse tšelang, 'me ho ikamahanya le maemo ha litšebeletso ho tla ntlafatsoa ka katleho. Litlhoko tse sebetsang tsa mekitlane tsa likhoebo tsa tlhahiso li tla finyelloa ka botlalo, palo le boholo ba ho fanoa ha libonto ke likhoebo tsa tlhahiso li tla tsoela pele ho hola, 'me boemo ba lichelete tsa equity bo tla ntlafala haholo.
2. Tšehetsa ntlafatso ea bokhoni ba boqapi ba theknoloji ea indasteri le ho tiea ha ketane ea indasteri le ketane ea phepelo
(1) Ntlafatsa disebediswa tsa leano la ditjhelete ho tshehetsa theknoloji ya bohlokwa le dipatlisiso tsa dihlahiswa. Sebelisa karolo ya kgothatso ya disebediswa tsa leano la ditjhelete tsa sebopeho ho tataisa dibanka ho fana ka ditjhelete tsa nako e mahareng le e telele bakeng sa dipatlisiso tsa bohlokwa tsa theknoloji le dihlahiswa diketaneng tsa bohlokwa tsa indasteri ya tlhahiso, tse kang dipotoloho tse kopaneng, disebediswa tsa mechini ya diindasteri, disebediswa tsa bongaka, di-server, disebediswa, software ya motheo, software ya indasteri, le disebediswa tse tswetseng pele. Kgothaletsa ditheo tsohle tsa ditjhelete, ho latela mesebetsi ya tsona, ho sebedisa dihlahiswa le disebediswa tse loketseng tsa ditjhelete ho sebeletsa diporojeke tsa kaho botjha ya diindasteri le diporojeke tse kgolo tsa dipatlisiso tsa disebediswa tsa theknoloji. Bakeng sa dikhamphani tsa theknoloji tse fihlellang diphetoho mahlaleng a bohlokwa a mantlha, "moketjana o motala" wa ho thathamisa ditjhelete, ho kopanngwa le ho rekwa, le ho ntshwa ha dibonto ho tla kenngwa tshebetsong. Eketsa tshehetso bakeng sa ho kgothaletsa le ho sebediswa ha disebediswa tsa mantlha tsa theknoloji tsa mofuta wa yona, disebediswa tse ntjha tsa sehlopha sa pele, software ya kgatiso ya pele, le dikgwebo tse nyane le tse mahareng tse ikgethileng, tse ikgethileng, le tse ntjha, dikgwebo tsa theknoloji e hodimo, dikgwebo tsa unicorn, le dikgwebo tsa bohlokwa tsa ketane ya indasteri le ketane ya phepelo.
(2) Hlahisa matlole a nako e telele le ho ntshetsa pele tjhelete ya bakudi ho potlakisa phetoho ya diphihlello tsa saense le theknoloji. Tshehetsa tshebedisano mmoho pakeng tsa ditheo tsa ditjhelete le ditheo tsa tshebeletso ya bokenadipakeng ba theknoloji ho batlisisa le ho ntshetsa pele mehlala e fapaneng ya ditshebeletso tsa ditjhelete ho tsosolosa mehlodi le diphihlello tsa saense le theknoloji tsa R&D. Kenya tshebetsong projeke e ikgethang ya "Theknoloji Indasteri ya Ditjhelete ya Indasteri", tsamaisa dipontsho tsa matsete le tsa ditjhelete tsa "One Chain per Month" le lenaneo la "Thousands of Sails and Hundreds of Boats" ho hodisa lenane la dikgwebo tse nyane le tse mahareng tse ikgethang, tse ntjha, le tse ntjha. Ntlafatsa tsamaiso ya tlhahlobo bakeng sa dibopeho tsa theknoloji e thata, matlafatsa tataiso mabapi le ditebello tsa lenane le dikgothaletso tsa leano, le ho kgothaletsa tjhelete ya kahisano ho tsetela esale pele, ka hara tse nyane, tsa nako e telele, le ka hara theknoloji e thata. Kgothaletsa ditshebeletso tsa ditjhelete tse ikgethileng tse kang ho lefella mekitlane, mehlodi ya tlhahisoleseding, boeletsi ba ditjhelete, le boeletsi ba tsamaiso bakeng sa talenta ya maemo a hodimo ya boqapi le boqapi. Khothaletsa lichelete tsa capital venture ho sebelisana le litsi tsa naha tsa boqapi ba tlhahiso, liunivesithi le litsi tsa lipatlisiso, liforomo tsa ho ikatisa tsa bo-rakhoebo, mekhatlo ea litšebeletso tsa sechaba bakeng sa likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng, liforomo tsa teko tsa tlhahiso ea maemo a holimo, le litsi tsa teko bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa liphetho tse tsoang mananeong a bohlokoa a naha a R&D ho matlafatsa phetoho le ntlafatso ea indasteri ea liphihlello tsa saense le theknoloji. Ntlafatsa lichelete tsa 'maraka oa bobeli oa capital venture, ntlafatsa lits'ebetso tsa khoebo le mekhoa ea litheko bakeng sa phetisetso ea likarolo tsa letlole la capital venture, le ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele e hokahaneng ea limmaraka tsa tekano tsa libaka le lichelete tsa capital venture. Khothaletsa li-incubator tsa khoebo ho hlahloba matsete a tobileng, lichelete, tekano ea khiriso ea thepa, tšebeletso bakeng sa tekano, le mehlala e meng ea ho tsetela lik'hamphaning tse ikatisang. Tšehetsa litsi tsa inshorense ho sebelisana le litsi tsa teko ea liteko tsa liteko khoebong ea inshorense e ncha.
(3) Matlafatsa lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete bakeng sa likhoebo tsa bohlokoa le ho tšehetsa nts'etsopele e ikemetseng le e laoloang ea ketane ea indasteri. Tataisa litsi tsa lichelete ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse kang likalimo, libonto, tekano le inshorense ho fana ka lits'ebeletso tse felletseng tsa lichelete ho likhoebo tsa bohlokoa tse etellang pele ketane le likhoebo tsa bohlokoa tse tšehetsang ketane ea indasteri, ho fana ka litharollo tsa lichelete bakeng sa ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ea likhoebo tse angoang haholo ke mabaka a kantle, le ho tšehetsa likhoebo tsa poraefete ho kenya letsoho ka mafolofolo kahong ea liketane tsa indasteri tse ikemetseng le tse laoloang. Ntlafatsa maano a kalimo ea M&A, tšehetsa likhoebo tse etellang pele ketane ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho ketane ea indasteri e holimo le e tlase ho etsa matsete a "ho tlatsa ketane" le "ho atolosa ketane", le ho khanna nts'etsopele e kopanetsoeng ea ketane eohle ea indasteri. Tšehetsa lik'hamphani tsa merafo ho potlakisa keketseho ea polokelo le tlhahiso ea liminerale tsa bohlokoa le ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba tiisetso ea phepelo ea mehloli ea maano, motheong oa ho latela maano a indasteri a naha. Ho tataisoa ke tlhoko ea indasteri, ntlafatsa sistimi ea lihlahisoa tsa bokamoso le ho khothaletsa phepelo le botsitso ba litheko tsa thepa e ngata.
3.Tšehetsa kaho e potlakileng ea sistimi ea indasteri ea sejoale-joale
(4) Ntlafatsa lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete bakeng sa tlhahiso ea setso le ho khothaletsa phetoho le ntlafatso ea indasteri. Tataisa libanka ho ntlafatsa maano a mekitlane ho latela molao-motheo oa tšehetso le taolo, le ho eketsa tšehetso ea lichelete bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea maemo a holimo, e bohlale le e tala ea tlhahiso ea setso, hammoho le likhoebo ho eketsa mefuta e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa, ho ntlafatsa boleng, le ho theha lihlahisoa. Matlafatsa tšehetso e fapaneng ea lichelete bakeng sa phetoho ea dijithale ea indasteri ea tlhahiso, haholo-holo bakeng sa likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng le bafani ba phetoho ea dijithale. Sebelisa mesebetsi e 'meli ea ho lefella le ho lefella thepa ho hiriseng lichelete ho tšehetsa likhoebo phetohong ea dijithale ea lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso, ho ntlafatsa le ho nkela sebaka lisebelisoa tse bohlale le software, ho fumana lisebelisoa tse tala le tse sireletsang tikoloho, le ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa polokeho le tsa maemo a tšohanyetso. Khothaletsa ts'ireletso ea tlhahiso ea thepa ea likoloto tsa likoloto tsa lichelete. Matlafatsa boqapi ba lihlahisoa tsa bonto ho tšehetsa phetoho le ntlafatso ea theknoloji, kaho ea lifeme tse bohlale, le phetoho ea dijithale ea likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng. Tšehetsa lik'hamphani tse thathamisitsoeng ho kopanyeng le ntlafatsong ea indasteri ka lenane ka kakaretso, ho beha poraefete, le ho fumana thepa. Khothaletsa lik'hamphani tsa inshorense ho ntshetsa pele ka mafolofolo mefuta e fapaneng ea likhoebo tsa inshorense ea theknoloji ho fana ka tšireletso ea likotsi bakeng sa phetoho le ntlafatso ea indasteri ea tlhahiso le polokeho ea thepa ea data ea likhoebo.
(5) Ntlafatsa boleng le bokgoni ba ditjhelete tsa saense le theknoloji, ho tshehetsa kgolo le ntshetsopele ya diindasteri tse ntseng di hola le moralo o shebileng pele wa diindasteri tsa nakong e tlang. Tshehetsa ditheo tsa ditjhelete ho ntshetsapele mehlala ya ditshebeletso tsa ditjhelete tsa saense le theknoloji tse fapaneng, tsa setaele sa relay, ho atolosa dikadimo tsa saense le theknoloji, le ho eketsa matsete le boiteko ba ho ngola ditlamo tsa boiqapelo tsa saense le theknoloji. Kgothaletsa tshebediso ya diphetho tsa tlhahlobo bakeng sa ntshetsopele e ikgethang, e ikgethang, le e ntjha ya dikgwebo tse nyane le tse mahareng, le ho matlafatsa ditshebeletso tsa ditjhelete le ntlafatso ya mekitlane. Kenya tshebetsong ka botlalo "Sistimi ya Dintlha tsa Boqapi" mme o etse hore ntshetsopele ya dikadimo tsa tshepiso ya thepa ya kelello le dikgwebo tse ding e be maemong a tloaelehileng. Tshehetsa dikgwebo tse tshwanelehang diindastering tse ntseng di hola tse kang theknoloji ya tlhahisoleseding ya moloko o latelang, software ya motheo le ya indasteri, dikoloi tse bohlale (tse hokahantsweng), matla a matjha, thepa e ntjha, disebediswa tsa maemo a hodimo, tlhahisoleseding ya sebaka, sefofane sa kgwebo, biomedicine, le tshireletso ya marangrang le data ho bokella tjhelete mebarakeng ya ditjhelete e nang le maemo a mangata. Ho kgothaletsa diphetoho ka lehlakoreng la matsete, ho ntlafatsa tlhahlobo ya nako e telele ya ditheo tsa matsete, le ho kgothaletsa ditjhelete tsa nako e telele tse kang ditjhelete tsa matsete tsa mmuso, ditjhelete tsa dikgwebo tsa mmuso, le dikhamphani tsa inshorense ho potlakisa moralo wa diindasteri tsa nakong e tlang, ho tsepamisa maikutlo tlhahisong ya nakong e tlang, tlhahisoleseding ya nakong e tlang, thepa ya nakong e tlang, eneji ya nakong e tlang, sebaka sa nakong e tlang, le bophelo bo botle ba nakong e tlang, ha ka nako e ts'oanang ho netefatsa hore dikotsi di a laoleha.
(6) Sebelisa karolo e kgannang ya ditjhelete tse tala ho tshehetsa ntshetsopele ya diindasteri tse tala, tse nang le khabone e tlase, le tse chitja. Potlakisa ntshetsopele ya sistimi ya maemo a ditjhelete e tshehetsang phetoho ya diindasteri tse nang le khabone e ngata le tse tshehetsang diphetoho tsa diindasteri tse nang le khabone e ngata. Matlafatsa tshebediso ya disebediswa tse fapaneng tsa ditjhelete tse tala tse kang mokitlane o tala le dibonto tse tala phetohong ya diindasteri tse tala le tse nang le khabone e tlase. Kgomarela molao-motheo wa "ho theha pele, ebe ho qhaqhwa," mme o kgothaletse dibanka ho tshehetsa diporojeke le dikgwebo diindastering tse nang le khabone e ngata tse tsamaellanang le tataiso ya ntlafatso ya theknoloji e tala le e nang le khabone e tlase le maano a ho nkela bokgoni sebaka. Ntlafatsa mekgwa ya kgothatso le thibelo bakeng sa ditjhelete tse tala, kgothaletsa ditheo tsa ditjhelete ho ntshetsa pele dihlahiswa tsa ditjhelete tse tshehetsang tlhahiso e tala, ho eketsa matsete tshireletsong ya tikoloho, paballo ya matla, paballo ya metsi, tlhahiso e hlwekileng, tshebediso e felletseng ya mehlodi, tlhahiso e tala, le ntshetsopele ya khabone e tlase, mme o tshehetse phetoho le ntlafatso ya diindasteri tse tala le tse nang le khabone e tlase.
(7) Matlafatsa matlafatso ea lichelete tsa dijithale le ho khothaletsa kopanyo e tebileng ea moruo oa dijithale le moruo oa 'nete. Tšehetsa litsi tsa lichelete ho sebeliseng mahlale a kang big data, blockchain, le bohlale ba maiketsetso ho nolofatsa mekhoa ea khoebo le ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho sebeletsa indasteri ea tlhahiso, haholo-holo likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng. Matlafatsa tšehetso ea kalimo ea nako e mahareng le e telele bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea meralo ea motheo ea dijithale, ho kenyeletsoa 5G, Inthanete ea Liindasteri, le litsi tsa data le khomphutha. Sebelisa ka mafolofolo khiriso ea lichelete, lichelete tsa matsete a thekiso ea matlo le securitization ea thepa ho atolosa mehloli ea lichelete bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea meralo ea motheo ea dijithale. Khothalletsa nts'etsopele ea liforomo tsa litšebeletso tsa lichelete tsa indasteri ea dijithale ke libanka. Ho tsepamisa maikutlo liketane tsa bohlokoa tsa indasteri ea tlhahiso, ho matlafatsa pokello ea maemo, kopanyo ea tikoloho, pokello ea tlhahisoleseling, netefatso ea data, tlhahlobo ea boleng le litheko, le boqapi ba lihlahisoa ho fihlela lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete tsa "sebaka se le seng" joalo ka tumellano, lichelete le tsamaiso ea chelete. Ho ntšetsa pele ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng nts'etsopele ea sethala sa naha sa ho arolelana tlhahisoleseling ea mokitlane bakeng sa phallo ea chelete ea likhoebo tse nyane, tse mahareng le tse nyane, ho ntlafatsa tlhahisoleseling ea mokitlane bakeng sa ba alimang ka lekhetlo la pele, le ho ntlafatsa ho fumaneha ha lichelete bakeng sa likhoebo tse nyane, tse mahareng le tse nyane indastering ea tlhahiso. Khothaletsa litsi tsa lichelete ho sebelisana le Marang-rang a Litšebeletso tsa SME tsa Chaena ho fana ka lits'ebeletso tse bonolo tsa "lichelete" bakeng sa likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng.
(8) Ho tebisa lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete bakeng sa liketane tsa indasteri le ho khothaletsa kopanyo ea liketane tsa lichelete le liketane tsa indasteri. Litsi tsa lichelete li khothaletsoa ho fana ka li-receivable, setoko, lirasiti tsa polokelo ea thepa, le lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete tsa odara ho likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng (li-SME) ho latela ketane ea phepelo ho latela "mokitlane oa data" le "mokitlane oa ntho," ho sebelisa data e kholo le maemo a itseng. Sebelisa tlhahisoleseling ea mokitlane ea phallo ea chelete ea li-SME ho hlahloba mehlala ea ketane ea phepelo ea "de-core" e ikemetseng ho mokitlane oa likhoebo tsa mantlha. Tšehetsa mekhatlo ea litlaleho tsa mokitlane oa lik'hamphani ho kopanya le ho hokahanya data ho tsoa likhoebong tse kholo tsa tlhahiso, lik'hamphani tsa polokelo ea thepa le thepa, le mekhatlo e meng ea ketane ea indasteri, ho fa libanka tlhahisoleseling mabapi le boemo ba likhoebo ho latela ketane ea phepelo, litšebelisano tsa phepelo le papatso, le netefatso ea litokelo tsa liakhaonto. Ntlafatsa maemo a khoebo le a tekheniki bakeng sa li-warehouse tsa tlhokomelo ea lichelete tsa thepa (rasiti ea polokelo ea thepa), ho tšehetsa nts'etsopele ea li-platform tsa bohlale tsa tlhokomelo ea polokelo ea thepa ea boleng bo holimo, le ho atolosa mehlala ea lichelete tsa thepa ea inthanete (rasiti ea polokelo ea thepa). Ho tebisa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea li-platform tsa bili ea ketane ea phepelo le sistimi e kopaneng ea ngoliso le phatlalatso bakeng sa lichelete tsa thepa e tsamaeang, le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba ts'ebeletso le katleho ea li-platform tsa ts'ebeletso ea lichelete tsa liakhaonto tse ka amoheloang. Sebelisa melemo ea botsebi le bokhoni ba litšebeletso tsa theknoloji tsa litsi tsa lichelete tlhokomelong ea lichelete, ho kopanya le tsamaiso ea lichelete ho khothaletsa ho kopanngoa ha likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng tikolohong ea nts'etsopele ea ketane ea indasteri.
4.Ho tšehetsa moralo o utloahalang oa liindasteri le ho atolosa sebaka sa nts'etsopele
(9) Ntlafatsa ho tenyetseha ha lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete bakeng sa phetisetso ea indasteri le ho thusa ho ntlafatsa moralo oa libaka oa liindasteri. Ntlafatsa litsi tsa lichelete ho ntlafatsa moralo oa lisebelisoa tsa lichelete le ho fana ka tšehetso ea lichelete bakeng sa phetisetso ea liindasteri libakeng tse tšoanelehang libakeng tse bohareng, bophirima le leboea-bochabela. Ntlafatsa libanka tse kholo ho ntlafatsa litsamaiso tsa tsamaiso ea mekitlane ea libaka tse fapaneng, ho matlafatsa ho arolelana tlhahisoleseling le khokahano ea lits'ebeletso lipakeng tsa makala libakeng tsa phetisetso ea indasteri le libaka tse amohelang, le ho fana ka lits'ebeletso tse felletseng tse kang ho kopanya merero le boeletsi ba maano libakeng tsa ho amohela liindasteri. Matlafatsa ho arolelana lintlha tsa sechaba le tlhahisoleseling ka ho amohela mafapha a mmuso le litsi tsa lichelete, le ho tšehetsa makala libakeng tse amohelang ho fana ka ts'ehetso ea mekitlane ho likhoebo tse amohelang mehatong ea tsona ea pele ea ho thehoa ho latela lintlha tsa nalane tse kang tlhahiso le ts'ebetso, matšoao a lichelete, boemo ba 'maraka le lirekoto tsa mekitlane tsa likhoebo tse fetisetsang. Ntlafatsa likalimo tsa M&A, likalimo tsa thepa e tsitsitseng, le lits'ebeletso tsa likalimo tse kopantsoeng ho sebeletsa hamolemo mehlala ea phetisetso joalo ka ho kopanngoa le ho rekoa, likhoebo tse kopanetsoeng le tšebelisano-'moho. Potlakisa nts'etsopele ea sistimi ea phetisetso ea theknoloji le ho khothaletsa kopanyo e tebileng ea lintlha tsa theknoloji le tsa capital.
(10) Ntlafatsa boitseanape ba lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete bakeng sa liindasteri tse ikhethileng le ho ts'ehetsa nts'etsopele ea lihlopha tsa indasteri. Khothaletsa libanka tsa naha ho theha makala a ikhethileng. Tlas'a motheo oa likotsi tse laolehang, eketsa tumello ea makala a lehae bakeng sa lihlopha tse tsoetseng pele tsa tlhahiso, lihlopha tse ikhethileng tsa indasteri ea SME, le lihlopha tse ncha tsa indasteri ho theha lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete bakeng sa lihlopha tse ikhethileng tsa indasteri. Khothaletsa libanka tse nyane le tse mahareng tsa lehae ho nts'etsapele lihlahisoa tsa likalimo tse etselitsoeng litšobotsi tsa indasteri ea libaka le ho ntlafatsa boitseanape ba ho sebeletsa liindasteri tse ikhethileng. Khothaletsa tšebelisano-'moho ea molao le e lumellanang pakeng tsa libanka tse kholo le lichelete tsa indasteri tsa boemo ba naha lefapheng la tlhahiso ho fana ka lits'ebeletso tse felletseng tsa lichelete bakeng sa lihlopha tse tsoetseng pele tsa tlhahiso le lihlopha tse ikhethileng tsa indasteri ea SME. Tšehetsa lichelete tsa venture capital le mekhatlo e meng ho theha boteng ba lihlopha. Ntlafatsa liboto tse ikhethang tsa boleng bo holimo mebarakeng ea tekano ea libaka bakeng sa makala a ikhethileng, a macha le a macha, le ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho holisa, tataiso le lits'ebeletso tsa profeshenale bakeng sa lik'hamphani tse eang phatlalatsa.
(11) Ntlafatsa boiketlo ba lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete tse tšelang meeli le ho atolosa sebaka sa ho bula le nts'etsopele ea maemo a holimo ea litsela tse peli. Ntlafatsa phepelo ea lihlahisoa le lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete bakeng sa ho etsa khoebo ea kantle ho naha. Qala maano a ikhethileng a ho sebeletsa likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng tse eang lefats'eng ka bophara. Ntlafatsa boiketlo ba li-account tsa hajoale le litefo, ho netefatsa hore likhoebo li ka tsamaisa tumellano ea khoebo e tšelang meeli ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng, ka boqhetseke le ka boiketlo. Atolosa sekala sa tumellano ea RMB bakeng sa khoebo e tšelang meeli ho fihlela litlhoko tsa tumellano ea khoebo ea kantle ho naha tsa likhoebo hamolemo. Khothalletsa ntlafatso ea boleng le katleho ea maano a ho thusa ho lekana ha khoebo bakeng sa likhoebo tsa boleng bo holimo. Tšehetsa likhoebo tse tšoanelehang ho lekeng lits'ebeletso tsa ho kopanya lichelete tse tšelang meeli ho nolofatsa phetiso le ts'ebeliso e hokahaneng ea lichelete tsa lehae le tsa mose ho maoatle. Holisa inshorense ea mokitlane oa kantle ho naha le phano ea mokitlane lefapheng la khoebo ea kantle ho naha. Matlafatsa phatlalatso le ts'ehetso ea leano bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tsa ho thibela phapanyetsano ea kantle ho naha ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba taolo ea likotsi tsa sekhahla sa phapanyetsano ea likhoebo tse tsamaeang lefats'e ka bophara. Atolosa boholo ba lenaneo la teko bakeng sa boiketlo ba lichelete tse tšelang meeli bakeng sa likhoebo tsa theknoloji e phahameng, li-SME tse ikhethileng, tse ncha le tse thehiloeng theknolojing. Ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng atolose boholo ba lenaneo la teko bakeng sa ho lokolla likhoebo tse tsetelitsoeng kantle ho naha ho ingoliseng bakeng sa ho tsetela hape ho nolofatsa matsete a tekano a lehae ke likhoebo tse tsetelitsoeng kantle ho naha. Ntlafatsa le ho ntlafatsa lenaneo la teko la Qualified Foreign Limited Partner (QFLP). Ntlafatsa lethathamo le fosahetseng bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea chelete ea akhaonto ea capital ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba likhoebo ho sebeliseng chelete ea kantle ho naha.
5.Ho matlafatsa tšehetso ea lichelete bakeng sa kaho ea bokhoni ba indasteri e ncha
(12) Ntlafatsa mekhoa ea ka hare ea litsi tsa lichelete tse sebeletsang indasteri ea tlhahiso. Litsi tsa lichelete li lokela ho kenyelletsa ho sebeletsa indasteri e ncha maanong a tsona a ts'ebetso ea nako e telele, ho fetola ts'ebetso ea tsona kapele ho latela litlhoko tsa nts'etsopele ea naha le mekhoa ea phetoho le ntlafatso ea indasteri, le ho eketsa tšehetso bakeng sa likalimo tsa nako e mahareng le e telele le mela ea mekitlane bakeng sa indasteri ea tlhahiso. Libanka li lokela ho theha merero e arohaneng ea mekitlane bakeng sa indasteri ea tlhahiso, ho matlafatsa litiisetso tsa lisebelisoa libakeng tse kang kabo ea chelete ea moruo, ho ntlafatsa ho se be le liteko tse nepahetseng le mekhoa ea khothatso, le ho khothaletsa basebetsi ba ka pele ho sebeletsa likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng ka mafolofolo. Tšehetsa libanka ho nts'etsapele mehlala ea tlhahlobo ea mekitlane e lumellanang le litlhoko tsa nts'etsopele e ncha ea indasteri, le ho theha maano a fapaneng a mekitlane le maemo a phihlello ho latela litšobotsi tsa liindasteri tse itseng le mekhahlelo ea kholo ea likhoebo. Tataisa litsi tsa lichelete ho latela melao-motheo ea "tse peli tse sa sisinyeheng", ho tšoara mefuta eohle ea likhoebo ka ho lekana, le ho matlafatsa lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete bakeng sa likhoebo tsa tlhahiso tsa poraefete.
(13) Matlafatsa kgokagano le tshebedisano mmoho ya disebediswa tse fapaneng tsa ditjhelete. Kgothaletsa ho arolelana tlhahisoleseding le tshebedisano mmoho ya kgwebo hara dibanka, dikhamphani tsa inshorense, dikhamphani tsa di-securities, ditjhelete, ditheo tsa tiisetso ya ditjhelete, le dikhamphani tsa tsamaiso ya thepa ya ditjhelete, ha ka nako e le nngwe ho thibela dikotsi tse fapanyetsanang tsa ditjhelete le ho sireletsa boinotshi ba bareki. Tshehetsa dikhamphani tse tshwarang ditjhelete ho kopanya mehlodi e fapaneng ya ditjhelete ka hara dihlopha tsa tsona ho fana ka ditshebeletso tse felletseng tsa ditjhelete ho dikhamphani. Kgothaletsa ditheo tsa inshorense, makala a taolo ya leruo la dibanka, dikhamphani tsa khiriso ya ditjhelete, le dikhamphani tsa khiriso ya ditjhelete ho fana ka tshehetso ya ditjhelete ya nako e telele le e tsitsitseng bakeng sa ntshetsopele ya tlhahiso e tswetseng pele ka tekano, dibonto, ditjhelete tsa tekano ya poraefete, le khiriso ya ditjhelete, tlasa motheo wa dikotsi tse ka laolehang le tumello ya kgwebo.
(14) Hlaolela sehlopha sa litalenta tse fapaneng tsa saense, theknoloji, indasteri le lichelete. Hlahloba le ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea botsebi ea mokhatlo bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete tsa saense le theknoloji, etsa nts'etsopele ea litalenta tse kopanetsoeng bakeng sa libaka tse fapaneng tsa saense le theknoloji le likhoebo tsa saense le theknoloji, 'me u ntlafatse boemo ba lits'ebeletso tsa lichelete libakeng tseo mehloli ea saense le theknoloji e kopaneng ho tsona, joalo ka libaka tsa naha tsa theknoloji e phahameng. Khothaletsa litsi tsa lichelete ho hira le ho hlahisa litalenta tse nang le boiphihlelo ba litsebi lefapheng la tlhahiso e tsoetseng pele le mafapheng a amanang le saense le theknoloji ho aha lihlopha tsa tsamaiso ea lichelete le litšebeletso tse fapaneng. Khothaletsa litsi tsa lichelete ho beha litsebi tsa lichelete likhoebong tsa bohlokoa tsa ketane ea indasteri, lihlopha tsa tlhahiso e tsoetseng pele, lihlopha tsa indasteri tse ikhethang tsa likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng, libaka tsa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea theknoloji e phahameng, le libaka tse ncha tsa boemo ba naha, 'me u li behe khafetsa likhoebong le lirapeng tsa boikhathollo. Tšehetsa likhoebo tsa bohlokoa, mekhatlo ea litšebeletso tsa sechaba ea likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng, le batsamaisi ba lirapeng tsa boikhathollo tsa indasteri le basebetsi ba lichelete ho fapanyetsana le ho ithuta le litsi tsa lichelete, le ho ntlafatsa ho lumellana ha lits'ebetso tsa tsamaiso ea lichelete tsa lik'hamphani le lits'ebetso tsa tlhahlobo ea likalimo tsa banka.
6.Matlafatsa khokahano le khokahano lipakeng tsa maano a lichelete le a indasteri
(15) Matlafatsa boetapele ba mokhatlo le mekhoa e hokahaneng ea papatso. Banka ea Batho ea Chaena, Lefapha la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseling, Khomishene ea Naha ea Ntšetso-pele le Ntlafatso, Lefapha la Lichelete, Tsamaiso ea Naha ea Tsamaiso ea Lichelete, Khomishene ea Taolo ea Litšireletso tsa Chaena, le Tsamaiso ea Naha ea Phapanyetsano ea Linaha Lisele li tla matlafatsa ho arolelana tlhahisoleseling le ho hokahanya leano, ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba mekhoa ea leano la moruo o moholo, le ho ntlafatsa tikoloho bakeng sa ts'ebetsong ea leano. Ntlafatsa mokhoa oa ho sebetsa oa ho holisa likalimo tsa nako e mahareng le e telele indastering ea tlhahiso, ho theha le ho ntlafatsa mokhoa oa kamehla oa likhothaletso tsa projeke bakeng sa liindasteri tsa bohlokoa, ho sebelisa karolo ea sethala sa naha sa tšebelisano-'moho ea indasteri le lichelete, ho eketsa boiteko khafetsa ho ntšetseng pele merero, ho bapisa lichelete le ts'ireletso ea lintlha, le ho khothaletsa litsi tsa lichelete ho tšehetsa libaka tsa bohlokoa tsa indasteri e ncha. Tataisa litsi tsa lichelete ho sebelisana ka botlalo le balaoli ba nang le bokhoni, mekhatlo ea indasteri, liunivesithi tsa bohlokoa le likhoebo tse ka sehloohong ho theha tikoloho ea tšehetso ea lichelete e koetsoeng. Matlafatsa kopanyo ea maano le litekanyetso, kenyelletsa maemo a indasteri ho tsa lichelete le tumello ea mokitlane, tlhahlobo ea lenane, le liteko tsa taolo, le ho kenyelletsa matšoao a lichelete tlhahlobong ea projeke le temong ea likhoebo.
(16) Matlafatsa likhothaletso tsa leano le lithibelo. Tebisa ts'ebetsong ea lithuso tsa lichelete le sekhahla sa tsoala bakeng sa boqapi ba saense le theknoloji le phetoho ea theknoloji, sebelisa ka katleho lisebelisoa tsa leano la lichelete tse kang lisebelisoa tsa tšehetso ea phokotso ea khabone, ho nchafatsa lichelete tsa likhoebo tse nyane, le litheolelo tse ncha, ho tšehetsa libaka tsa bohlokoa tsa indasteri e ncha le nts'etsopele ea likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng. Matlafatsa tlhokomelo ea bohlokoa ea mekitlane ea tlhahiso, khothaletsa libanka ho kenya tšebetsong litlhoko tsohle tsa leano, ho matlafatsa tataiso ea leano la mekitlane e meholo ka ho tsoelang pele, le ho khothaletsa taolo e ntle ea 'maraka oa lichelete. Ntlafatsa matšoao a tlhahlobo ea lichelete tse tala, ho feta feela ho sebelisa sekala sa lichelete sa liindasteri tsa "tse peli tse phahameng, motse-moholo o le mong" e le litekanyetso tsa tlhahlobo.
(17) Ntlafatsa mekhoa ea tšehetso ea leano la lehae. Mafapha a lehae a indasteri le theknoloji ea tlhahisoleseling, nts'etsopele le ntlafatso, le mafapha a mang a amehang, hammoho le mafapha a tsamaiso ea lichelete, a tla theha mokhoa oa tataiso oa motho ka mong bakeng sa merero e meholo ea lichelete tsa indasteri libakeng tsa bona, a hokahanya ka mafolofolo ho rarolla mathata a kang litlhoko tse sa fellang le ho se lumellane ha tlhahisoleseling ho licheleteng tsa projeke. Litsi tsa tiisetso ea lichelete tse tšehetsoang ke mmuso oa lehae li tla khothaletsoa ho fana ka tšehetso ea ntlafatso ea mokitlane bakeng sa likhoebo tse nyane le tse nyane tse tšoanelehang tsa tlhahiso ka ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea ho tlatsa chelete, ho matlafatsa litiisetso le puseletso ea likotsi, le ho ntlafatsa litekolo tsa ts'ebetso. Metse ea liteko ea naha bakeng sa tšebelisano-'moho ea indasteri le ea lichelete e tla khothaletsoa ho matlafatsa boqapi bo hokahaneng maanong a indasteri, a lichelete le a lichelete, le ho ntlafatsa mekhoa e kang puseletso ea likotsi le lithuso tsa phaello ea likalimo. Ho sebelisa karolo ea marang-rang a naha a kopaneng a litšebeletso tsa mokitlane oa lichelete ho tšehetsa litsi tsa lichelete ho tebisa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea tlhahisoleseling ea mokitlane. Ho theoa ha database ea litsebi tsa indasteri le database bakeng sa ho lekola bokhoni ba boqapi ba likhoebo ho tla khothaletsoa ho fana ka tšehetso ea kelello le tlhahisoleseling bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea likalimo tsa litsi tsa lichelete le ho etsa liqeto.
(18) Theha le ho ntlafatsa mokhoa o hokahaneng oa thibelo le taolo ea likotsi. Theha tlhahlobo e kopanetsoeng le mokhoa oa temoso ea pele bakeng sa likotsi tsa indasteri le tsa lichelete. Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseling, Khomishene ea Naha ea Nts'etsopele le Ntlafatso, le mafapha a mang a tla matlafatsa litekolo tsa likotsi bakeng sa merero e meholo le liindasteri tsa bohlokoa, 'me a arolelane tlhahisoleseling kapele mabapi le merero le likhoebo tse kotsing e kholo le mafapha a tsamaiso ea lichelete le litsi tsa lichelete. Khothaletsa litsi tsa lichelete ho kenya tšebetsong litlhoko tsa leano la indasteri la naha, ho matlafatsa tsamaiso ea kotsi ea mekitlane le ho beha leihlo tšebeliso ea lichelete, ho thibela likotsi tsa ho qhekella le ho sebelisa hampe, le ho thusa ho thibela tlholisano ea "involutionary". Kenya tšebetsong ka tieo litlhoko tsa karohano ea mekitlane ea tlhahiso ho bonts'a ka nepo boemo ba kotsi ba mekitlane ea tlhahiso. Tšehetsa libanka ho eketsa boiteko ba tsona ba ho rarolla mekitlane e sa sebetseng ea lik'hamphani ho latela molao ka ho hlophisa bocha, ho hlakola, ho fetisetsa le mekhoa e meng.
Banka ea Batho ea Chaena
Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseling
Khomishene ea Naha ea Nts'etsopele le Ntlafatso
Lekala la Lichelete
Tsamaiso ea Taolo ea Lichelete
Khomishene ea Taolo ea Litšireletso tsa Chaena
Tsamaiso ea Naha ea Phapanyetsano ea Kantle ho Naha
La 29 Phupu, 2025
Nako ea poso: Phato-07-2025